{"id":1376,"date":"2023-11-10T09:46:23","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T06:46:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/?p=1376"},"modified":"2025-11-10T15:58:01","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T12:58:01","slug":"%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b2%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b8%d0%bf-%d1%8e%d0%b7%d0%b5%d1%84-%d0%b8%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%84-%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%85%d0%b0%d0%b9%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/?p=1376","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041b\u0415\u0412\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0419 \u041e\u0441\u0438\u043f (\u042e\u0437\u0435\u0444, \u0418\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0444) \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u041a\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041b\u0415\u0412\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0419 \u041e\u0441\u0438\u043f (\u042e\u0437\u0435\u0444, \u0418\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0444) \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 <\/strong>(9.1.1801, \u0434. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d. \u0443. \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d. \u0433\u0443\u0431. \u2013 9.10.1878, \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0430), <strong>\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444<\/strong>., \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u041a\u0423.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0421\u044b\u043d \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d. \u0421 1808 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0433-\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0433. \u0421\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d. \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431. \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u0432 1817 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444-\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u0433-\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u00ab\u041e-\u0432\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447. \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00bb. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0418. \u041b\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0410. \u041c\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0432 1817 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u00ab\u041e-\u0432\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00bb, \u0432 1820 \u2013 \u0432 \u00ab\u041e-\u0432\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00bb. \u0412 1821 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0443\u043d-\u0442 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434. \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043c. \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d. \u0433-\u0437\u0438\u044e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1823 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432 \u043e \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u041e-\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00bb, \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041a. \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0442. 1824 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043a., \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a \u043f\u0435\u0434. \u0438\u043d-\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u041a\u0423, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442. \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0437\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432. \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0421 1825 \u2013 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0441 1827 \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u043c. \u0438\u043d\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0412 1828 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 4 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0418\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0442\u0441\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0438\u044e, \u0417\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0435, \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439. \u0412 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 1833 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439, \u044d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440. \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442. 1833 \u2013 \u0430\u0434\u044a\u044e\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0444. \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437., \u0441 1834 \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444., \u0441 1837 \u2013 \u043e. \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 1844-1854 \u2013 \u0434\u0438\u0440. 2-\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0433-\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0447-\u0449 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0433\u0443\u0431. \u0422\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c: \u0432 1837-1841 \u0438 1845 \u2013 1-\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434-\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441. \u0444-\u0442\u0430, \u0432 1853-1854 \u2013 \u0438\u0441\u0442.-\u0444\u0438\u043b. \u0444-\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1837 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c-\u043a\u043e\u0440. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431. \u0410\u041d, \u0432 1847 \u2013 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 I \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442. \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c. \u0421 1854 \u2013 \u0438. \u0434. \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041a\u0423, \u0441 1855 \u2013 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440. \u041e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430 \u0432 1860. \u0414\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u0421 1862 \u2013 \u043e. \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444. \u0413\u043b. \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0432 \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0435 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1869 \u0432 \u0443\u043d-\u0442), \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u0430\u043f\u0440. 1878 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0447. \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0423.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u0421\u043e\u0447.: <\/em>\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u0442\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044f\u043c, \u0432 \u0431-\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \/\/ \u0423\u0417\u041a\u0423. 1834. \u0422. 2; \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430. \u041a., 1835; \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f. \u041a., 1836-1837. \u0422. 1-2; \u041e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0418\u043c\u043f. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0435. \u041a., 1842; \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0440. \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c. \u041a., 1844-1850. \u0422. 1-3.<\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: <a href=\"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/?p=195\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442<\/a> (1804-2004): \u0411\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c. \u0422. 1: 1804-1904. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c: \u0418\u0437\u0434-\u0432\u043e \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430, 2002. \u0421. 246-247.<\/p>\n<div class=\"rcl-custom-fields\"><div class=\"rcl-field type-textarea-value\" id=\"v926a3036e9014e0b268efa5f50d6be77\"><span class=\"rcl-field-title\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><span class=\"title-colon\">: <\/span><span class=\"rcl-field-value\">\u0434. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d. \u0443. \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d. \u0433\u0443\u0431.<\/span><\/div><div class=\"rcl-field type-text-value\" id=\"v2ed88f2ce25308a06e92816950edb1b1\"><span class=\"rcl-field-title\">\u0412\u0438\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/span><span class=\"title-colon\">: <\/span><span class=\"rcl-field-value\">\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434<\/span><\/div><div class=\"rcl-field type-textarea-value\" id=\"v4c4df77539bff69432dd5ae4454b615c\"><span class=\"rcl-field-title\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b<\/span><span class=\"title-colon\">: <\/span><span class=\"rcl-field-value\">\u0421\u043e\u0447.: \u041a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u0442\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044f\u043c, \u0432 \u0431-\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \/\/ \u0423\u0417\u041a\u0423. 1834. \u0422. 2; \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430. \u041a., 1835; \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f. \u041a., 1836-1837. \u0422. 1-2; \u041e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0418\u043c\u043f. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0435. \u041a., 1842; \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0440. \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c. \u041a., 1844-1850. \u0422. 1-3.<\/span><\/div><div class=\"rcl-field type-editor-value\" id=\"v44b37040ebb6c47a224ae3814e5aab88\"><span class=\"rcl-field-title\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/span><span class=\"title-colon\">: <\/span><span class=\"rcl-field-value\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: <a href=\"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/?p=195\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442<\/a> (1804-2004): \u0411\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c. \u0422. 1: 1804-1904. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c: \u0418\u0437\u0434-\u0432\u043e \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430, 2002. \u0421. 246-247.<\/span><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041b\u0415\u0412\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0419 \u041e\u0441\u0438\u043f (\u042e\u0437\u0435\u0444, \u0418\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0444) \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 (9.1.1801, \u0434. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d. \u0443. \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d. \u0433\u0443\u0431. \u2013 9.10.1878, \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0430), \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444., \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u041a\u0423. \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0421\u044b\u043d \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d. \u0421 1808 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0433-\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0433. \u0421\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d. \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431. \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u0432 1817 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0444-\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d. \u0443\u043d-\u0442\u0430. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u0433-\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1379,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-let_persons"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1376"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1378,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376\/revisions\/1378"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nilchrono.kpfu.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}